COPE Health Scholars Practice Test

Which of the following is a common risk factor for myocardial infarction?

1. Obesity

2. Smoking

3. Low cholesterol levels

4. Physical inactivity

The correct answer is: Smoking

Smoking is identified as a common risk factor for myocardial infarction due to its significant contribution to cardiovascular disease. Nicotine and other chemicals in tobacco can lead to increased heart rate, higher blood pressure, and damage to blood vessel lining, promoting the formation of plaque in the arteries, which can ultimately lead to blockages. This substitution of healthy structures with damaged ones accelerates the process of atherosclerosis, increasing the likelihood of a heart attack. While obesity, low cholesterol levels, and physical inactivity are also relevant to cardiovascular health, the impact of smoking is particularly strong. Obesity and physical inactivity contribute to other risk factors like high blood pressure and diabetes, but smoking has a direct and immediate harmful effect on the heart and blood vessels, making it a critical focus for prevention strategies related to myocardial infarction. Low cholesterol levels, conversely, are generally not considered a risk factor and can even be protective against heart disease in many cases.